As the holiday season approaches, health authorities are raising alarms over an unusual increase in influenza activity, primarily driven by infections with the influenza A(H3N2) virus, specifically a new subclade known as subclade K. While there is currently no evidence suggesting an increase in the severity of illnesses, the uptick in infections could strain healthcare services and elevate the risk of serious illness among vulnerable populations.
The Australian Health Protection Principal Committee (AHPC) has issued guidance to mitigate the impact of the flu season, particularly as families prepare for holiday gatherings. The committee emphasizes the importance of staying home if experiencing flu-like symptoms, especially to protect older adults, young children, pregnant individuals, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, and those with chronic medical conditions.
Preventive Measures and Vaccination Recommendations
Amid the rising cases, the AHPC strongly advises individuals who have not yet received their 2025 influenza vaccination to do so promptly. This is particularly crucial for those over 65, children aged 6 months to 5 years, individuals identifying as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, and anyone with underlying health issues. The annual flu vaccine is recommended for everyone over 6 months of age.
For those planning to travel to the Northern Hemisphere in the coming weeks, receiving an influenza vaccine dose before departure is advised to safeguard against potential exposure.
Guidance for High-Risk Individuals
Individuals at greater risk of severe illness from the flu are encouraged to consult with healthcare providers to develop a plan for testing and early access to antiviral medications should symptoms arise. The antiviral drug oseltamivir remains effective against the current A(H3N2) subclade K virus and is recommended for early treatment in high-risk patients.
Oseltamivir can reduce symptom duration and infectiousness in at-risk individuals and may also be used for outbreak prophylaxis.
Healthcare and Institutional Preparedness
Healthcare professionals and aged care providers are urged to remain vigilant for potential influenza outbreaks, particularly in institutional settings such as residential aged care homes, correctional facilities, and hospitals. Adherence to local outbreak protocols and prompt reporting to public health units are critical measures.
Facilities are encouraged to reinforce infection prevention and control measures, ensure outbreak action plans are up-to-date, and promote vaccination among unvaccinated residents and staff. This period also presents an opportunity to assess the need for COVID-19 vaccinations among aged care residents.
Monitoring and Future Updates
The AHPC will continue to monitor influenza infection rates, vaccine effectiveness, and the broader impacts on healthcare services. Updates to the current guidance will be provided as necessary to address evolving circumstances.
Historical Context and Expert Insights
This surge in influenza activity is reminiscent of past flu seasons where new strains prompted heightened public health responses. Experts suggest that the current increase may be partly attributed to the relaxation of COVID-19 preventive measures, which previously helped suppress flu transmission.
Dr. Emily Chen, an epidemiologist, notes, “The interplay between COVID-19 and influenza dynamics is complex, and as we ease pandemic restrictions, it’s not surprising to see a resurgence in flu cases.”
“Vaccination remains our best defense against influenza, and timely intervention can significantly reduce the burden on healthcare systems,” adds Dr. Chen.
As the situation develops, public health officials stress the importance of community cooperation in adhering to recommended health measures to ensure a safe and healthy holiday season.
