As the holiday season approaches, health authorities are raising alarms over a significant uptick in influenza cases, primarily driven by the influenza A(H3N2) virus, specifically a new subclade known as subclade K. Although there is no evidence suggesting an increase in the severity of illness, the surge in infections could strain healthcare services and pose heightened risks to vulnerable populations, including older adults, young children, pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, and those with serious medical conditions.
In response, the Australian Health Protection Principal Committee (AHPC) has issued a series of recommendations aimed at mitigating the impact of this influenza wave. These guidelines are particularly pertinent as families prepare to gather for holiday celebrations.
Preventive Measures for the General Public
AHPC advises individuals experiencing influenza-like symptoms to remain at home and avoid contact with high-risk groups, including the elderly and those with chronic health issues. If leaving home is necessary, wearing a mask is recommended to protect others from potential infection.
For those who have not yet received an influenza vaccination in 2025, it is not too late to get vaccinated, especially for individuals over 65, children aged 6 months to 5 years, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people, and those with chronic health problems. An annual influenza vaccination is recommended for everyone over 6 months of age.
Additionally, travelers heading to the Northern Hemisphere in the coming weeks should consider receiving an influenza vaccine dose before departure to safeguard against the virus.
Guidance for Healthcare Professionals and Institutions
Healthcare professionals and aged care providers are urged to remain vigilant for potential influenza outbreaks in institutional settings such as residential aged care homes, correctional centers, and hospitals. It is crucial to follow local outbreak protocols and report any outbreaks to the local public health unit.
Institutions are encouraged to reinforce infection prevention control measures and ensure that clear outbreak action plans are in place. Vaccination should be promoted among any unvaccinated aged care residents and staff. This period also presents an opportunity to assess whether aged care residents are due for a COVID-19 vaccine.
Antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir, continue to be effective against the current influenza A(H3N2) subclade K virus. Early treatment is recommended for high-risk patients to reduce symptom duration and infectiousness. Oseltamivir may also be used for outbreak prophylaxis in accordance with guidance from local public health units.
Monitoring and Future Updates
The AHPC will maintain surveillance of influenza infection rates, vaccine effectiveness, and the impact on health services. They will provide updated guidance as necessary to ensure public safety and health system preparedness.
“Antiviral medication, like oseltamivir, remains effective against the currently circulating influenza A(H3N2) subclade K virus, and early treatment is recommended for high-risk patients with influenza.”
This proactive approach aims to mitigate the potential health crisis posed by the rising influenza cases during a time when social gatherings are at their peak. The health community remains committed to adapting strategies as new information becomes available, ensuring that both the public and healthcare systems are well-equipped to handle the situation.
