The use of cannabis among seniors in the United States has been on the rise, with many older adults turning to it for relief from various health conditions. However, this trend has also led to a significant increase in emergency department visits, raising concerns about the potential risks associated with cannabis use in this demographic.
A recent study led by Dr. Jerry H. Gurwitz, a professor of medicine and researcher at UMass Chan Medical School, has highlighted this issue. The study, conducted from 2016 to 2023, focused on emergency department visits among U.S. adults aged 50 and older related to the medical use of products containing cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).
Alarming Increase in Emergency Visits
The findings of the study are striking. Adverse events linked to cannabinoid products saw a dramatic rise from 4,408 incidents in 2020-2021 to 7,490 incidents in 2022-2023. This represents an increase of approximately 69.92% over the period. Dr. Gurwitz emphasized that these numbers likely represent just a fraction of the true impact, as the study only captured emergency department visits.
“We’re not including urgent care visits, calls to doctors’ offices, or adverse events where the person never sought medical attention,” Dr. Gurwitz explained.
The study identified a range of adverse effects, including confusion, anxiety, paranoia, fainting spells, gastrointestinal symptoms, falls, and injuries. These incidents underscore the complexity of cannabis use among seniors, particularly when it interacts with other medications.
Understanding the Risks
Cannabis is generally considered safe and well-tolerated by older adults, according to various studies. However, the interaction of cannabinoids with other medications can pose significant risks. These interactions can either potentiate the effects of other medications or mute them, potentially impacting disease progression and treatment outcomes.
Dr. Gurwitz highlighted the importance of monitoring cannabis use among seniors, noting that the diverse range of active compounds in cannabis products can affect individuals in different ways. He stressed the need for healthcare providers to proactively screen for cannabis use during routine visits, especially for older adults dealing with chronic pain, sleep disturbances, or other conditions that might lead them to try these products.
“… patients should be screened in routine visits, especially for older adults with chronic pain, sleep disturbances, or other conditions for which a patient may choose to try these products,” Dr. Gurwitz advised.
Broader Implications and Next Steps
The increase in cannabis-related emergency visits among seniors highlights the need for greater awareness and education about the potential risks of cannabis use in this age group. As the population of older adults continues to grow, healthcare systems may face additional burdens unless proactive measures are taken.
Experts suggest that more research is needed to fully understand the implications of cannabis use among seniors and to develop guidelines for safe use. Additionally, healthcare providers should be equipped with the knowledge and tools to counsel older patients on the potential risks and benefits of cannabis use.
The study has been published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, providing a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and policymakers aiming to address this emerging public health issue.
As the conversation around cannabis continues to evolve, it is crucial for both patients and healthcare providers to remain informed about the latest research and recommendations. This will ensure that the potential benefits of cannabis can be harnessed safely and effectively, while minimizing risks and adverse outcomes.
