In a groundbreaking development, researchers have unveiled a quantum sensing technique that allows for the simultaneous examination of multiple parameters within an optical network. This innovative approach, developed by scientists from the University of Portsmouth in England and the University of Bari in Italy, marks a significant advancement in the field of light measurement, with potential applications spanning medicine, astronomy, and beyond.
The new method leverages an interferometry-based quantum sensing scheme to measure three distinct properties of light concurrently, a feat previously deemed impossible. Until now, each parameter had to be measured individually, but the latest research, published in the European Physical Journal Plus, demonstrates the capability to measure three independent optical parameters in a single observation with ultimate quantum precision.
Revolutionizing Optical Measurements
The researchers utilized existing optical resources, such as lasers and squeezed light, alongside specialized detection techniques to construct a novel instrument known as an interferometer. This tool enables the precise and simultaneous measurement of two unknown phase shifts and an unknown beam splitter reflectivity. The sensitivity of these measurements increases proportionally with the average number of photons used, a phenomenon known as Heisenberg scaling, which represents the pinnacle of sensitivity achievable through quantum mechanics.
“This development can lead to important applications in quantum sensing technologies, based on the use of optical networks,” stated Professor Vincenzo Tamma, Principal Investigator from the University of Portsmouth’s Quantum Science and Technology Hub (QSTH).
Implications for Medicine and Astronomy
The potential applications of this breakthrough are vast. In medicine, the enhanced precision could improve biological imaging techniques, allowing for more detailed and accurate diagnostics. In astronomy, the ability to measure light properties with such precision could revolutionize the detection of gravitational waves, offering deeper insights into the universe’s fundamental workings.
The project, supported by Xairos and the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research, contributes to the broader work of the University of Portsmouth’s QSTH. The hub is dedicated to exploring how quantum theory can be applied to problems in sensing, imaging, and computation, aiming to develop novel quantum technologies and boost their industrial use.
Collaborative Efforts and Future Prospects
The QSTH collaborates with numerous global partners, including academic institutions and industry leaders like IBM and space quantum technology company Xairos. These collaborations aim to deepen the understanding of quantum science and foster the development of cutting-edge quantum technologies.
The research hub’s efforts have also contributed to the University of Portsmouth’s impressive performance in the UoP Excellence Framework 2021 for Physics, where it ranked 6th out of 44 institutions in the UK and was recognized as the top modern university.
The move represents a significant step forward in quantum sensing, with Professor Tamma noting, “We are currently working on extending our results to the estimation of more than three parameters in more general optical networks.”
Looking Ahead
The implications of this research are profound, potentially setting the stage for a new era in quantum sensing and measurement. As the team continues to refine their techniques and expand their research, the scientific community eagerly anticipates further breakthroughs that could reshape our understanding of light and its applications across various fields.
With ongoing support from international partners and institutions, the future of quantum sensing looks promising, holding the potential to unlock new possibilities in technology and science.
