NSW Health has issued an urgent warning for residents to protect themselves against mosquito bites following a probable case of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and the detection of the virus in sentinel chickens. The potential case is currently under investigation, highlighting the ongoing risk of mosquito-borne diseases in the region.
According to NSW Health, the probable case involves a man in his 60s who was likely exposed to the JE virus in the Riverina region in late December of last year. A spokesperson for NSW Health stated,
“NSW Health can also advise of a recent detection of JE virus in the Upper Lachlan Shire near Goulburn through a sentinel chicken blood sample in early January 2026, which indicates that JE virus is likely circulating in the area.”
Mosquito Surveillance and Public Health Measures
Sentinel chickens play a crucial role in public health surveillance programs. These chickens are used to detect the presence of mosquito-borne viruses like JE and Murray Valley Encephalitis by testing their blood for antibodies, effectively serving as an early warning system for potential outbreaks.
Alison Nikitas, Director of Public Health for the Murrumbidgee Local Health District, emphasized the importance of protective measures, given the widespread area of detections. “There is no specific treatment for JE, so it is very important for people who live in or travel to these areas to be aware of the elevated risks,” she said.
Vaccination and Prevention Strategies
The JE vaccine is a critical tool in preventing the spread of the virus. It is available for free to individuals living or working in high-risk inland regions and certain occupations. NSW Health advises eligible individuals to make vaccination appointments with their general practitioners, Aboriginal health services, or pharmacists. “These providers may require a few days notice so they can place an order for the vaccine,” NSW Health noted.
Additionally, NSW Health has provided several tips to help prevent mosquito bites:
- Apply repellent to exposed skin. Use products containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus. Check labels for reapplication times and ensure safety for children.
- Re-apply repellent regularly, especially after swimming. Apply sunscreen first, then repellent.
- Wear light, loose-fitting long-sleeve shirts, long pants, socks, and covered footwear.
- Avoid outdoor activities during peak mosquito times, particularly at dawn and dusk.
- Use insecticide sprays, vapour dispensing units, and mosquito coils (outdoors in well-ventilated areas).
- Ensure windows and doors are covered with insect screens and check for gaps.
- Remove items that collect water, such as old tyres and empty pots, to reduce mosquito breeding sites.
- Protect infants under three months with mosquito netting over infant carriers.
- While camping, use tents with fly screens or sleep under a mosquito net.
Understanding Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a viral infection transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. It cannot be transmitted directly between humans or from other animals. The virus is prevalent in rural and agricultural areas, where mosquito populations thrive.
Historically, outbreaks of JE have been associated with significant health impacts in affected regions. The availability of a safe and effective vaccine has been instrumental in reducing the incidence of the disease. However, public health officials continue to stress the importance of preventive measures, especially in areas with recent virus detections.
Looking Ahead: Public Health Implications
The current situation underscores the need for ongoing vigilance and public health preparedness. The detection of JE in sentinel chickens serves as a reminder of the potential for mosquito-borne diseases to emerge and spread rapidly. Public health authorities are likely to continue monitoring the situation closely and may implement additional measures as needed.
Residents in affected areas are encouraged to stay informed about the latest developments and adhere to public health advice. For more information on JE virus and vaccination eligibility, individuals can visit the NSW Health website at https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/mosquitoes.
As the situation evolves, NSW Health remains committed to safeguarding public health and minimizing the risk of mosquito-borne diseases through proactive measures and community engagement.
