NSW Health has issued a warning to residents to protect themselves from mosquito bites following the detection of the Kunjin virus in Cowra. The virus, identified in a sentinel chicken sample collected on November 20, signals an early start to mosquito-borne virus activity in the region this summer.
The Kunjin virus, a subtype of the West Nile virus, can lead to symptoms ranging from fever and enlarged lymph nodes to severe neurological illnesses. Dr. Stephen Conaty, NSW Health’s Director of Health Protection, emphasized the significance of this detection. “Mosquito numbers will likely increase with warmer weather, and we remind everyone in NSW to protect themselves against mosquito bites,” he stated.
Understanding the Kunjin Virus
Endemic to parts of Australia, the Kunjin virus is not new to the region. However, early season detections in areas like Cowra are a warning that mosquito populations are becoming active sooner than anticipated. Unlike Japanese Encephalitis, there is no vaccine for Kunjin virus, making prevention through bite avoidance crucial.
While most human infections are mild or asymptomatic, the virus can occasionally cause serious brain inflammation. The detection in Cowra came through NSW’s sentinel chicken program, a routine surveillance initiative designed to provide early warnings to communities before widespread mosquito activity begins.
Impact on Human and Animal Health
According to the NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Kunjin virus primarily affects horses, although humans can also be infected through mosquito bites. A spokesperson noted, “Kunjin virus is endemic to parts of Australia and has been present for many years, rarely linked to human illness.”
In 2011, the virus caused an outbreak of neurological disease in horses in southeastern Australia. Horse owners in Cowra are advised to monitor their animals for symptoms such as depression, stumbling, or fever. “Kunjin virus infection can present similarly to Hendra virus, so horse owners should avoid contact with their horses and contact a vet if they are showing these signs,” the spokesperson warned.
Preventive Measures and Community Guidance
With no vaccine or specific treatment available for Kunjin virus, avoiding mosquito bites remains the most effective defense. NSW Health advises residents to:
- Apply insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus.
- Wear loose, long-sleeved clothing outdoors.
- Avoid being outside at dawn and dusk.
- Use mosquito coils, sprays, and vapour units in outdoor areas.
- Ensure screens on windows and doors are in good condition.
- Remove water-holding items like tyres, buckets, and pots that allow mosquitoes to breed.
- Use child-safe repellents for children and mosquito nets for infants.
For animal protection, stabling horses at night, using mosquito-proof screens, reducing standing water, and using approved repellents are recommended strategies.
Looking Ahead: Increased Vigilance Required
The detection of Kunjin virus in Cowra serves as an early warning for the community as summer begins. Ongoing warm weather and expected rises in mosquito numbers will likely increase the risk in the coming months. Authorities urge residents, horse owners, and travelers in the Cowra region to follow prevention advice and stay informed as surveillance continues.
Further information on Kunjin virus, mosquito bite prevention, and JE vaccination eligibility is available at health.nsw.gov.au/mosquitoes.
As the community braces for a potentially active mosquito season, vigilance and preventive measures will be key in mitigating the risks associated with mosquito-borne diseases.
