The proportion of women presenting to Australian general practices with endometriosis nearly doubled from 2011 to 2021, according to a groundbreaking study by Monash University’s SPHERE Center of Research Excellence. This comprehensive research, published in the Medical Journal of Australia, sheds light on the evolving landscape of endometriosis diagnosis and management in the country.
The study, titled “The clinical presentation, investigation, and management of women diagnosed with endometriosis in Australian general practices, 2011–2021: an open cohort study,” analyzed deidentified electronic medical records from nearly 20,000 women aged 14 to 49. These women sought care from 660 general practitioners across 2,700 clinics, providing a robust dataset for analysis.
Increasing Awareness and Diagnosis
The surge in endometriosis diagnoses may be attributed to heightened awareness driven by advocacy groups and advancements in clinical investigations, such as pelvic ultrasounds. These factors have collectively contributed to more women being accurately diagnosed with the condition.
Professor Danielle Mazza, the lead author and Director of the SPHERE Center of Research Excellence, emphasized the complexity of diagnosing endometriosis. “We saw a significant increase in women attending general practice with endometriosis. They present to the GP with a broad range of symptoms, which can make it difficult for a GP to recognize the presence of endometriosis,” she stated.
“Endometriosis can be difficult to diagnose, as symptoms are often complex and can be present in a range of conditions other than endometriosis. We need to provide support to GPs so they are better able to identify and manage endometriosis. There is more to be done.” – Professor Danielle Mazza
Implementing New Management Strategies
The study also provides valuable insights into the presentation and management of endometriosis in Australian general practices. These insights are crucial for the implementation of an Endometriosis Management Plan (EMP), scheduled for mid-2026.
In June 2025, eight general practice clinics across New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia began piloting the new EMP. Developed by SPHERE in collaboration with the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP), this initiative is part of the National Endometriosis Action Plan.
Key Findings from the Study
- The median time taken to diagnose endometriosis in women attending general practice is 2.5 years.
- There was a significant increase in the use of pelvic ultrasounds requested by medical practitioners for diagnosis from 2011 to 2021.
“The increase in numbers of women receiving pelvic ultrasounds is also welcome given recent guideline recommendations to utilize this investigation to assist in diagnosis.” – Professor Danielle Mazza
Implications and Future Directions
The findings of this study underscore the need for continued efforts to improve the diagnosis and management of endometriosis in general practice settings. The implementation of the EMP and the ongoing work of advocacy groups are expected to play a pivotal role in enhancing care for women affected by this condition.
As the healthcare community in Australia continues to grapple with the complexities of endometriosis, the insights gained from this study will be instrumental in shaping future strategies. The collaboration between research institutions, medical professionals, and advocacy groups highlights a concerted effort to address the challenges posed by this often-debilitating condition.
Looking forward, the successful national rollout of the EMP and the sustained focus on awareness and education are anticipated to further improve outcomes for women with endometriosis. The journey towards better management of this condition is ongoing, with the hope of reducing diagnostic delays and enhancing the quality of life for those affected.
